Red light cameras
Evidence-rated crime-reduction intervention (EMMIE).
Effect on crime
reduces crime
Evidence quality
very strong
Cost
moderate
What the evidence says
Red light cameras (RLCs) are an enforcement mechanism designed to prevent crashes caused by drivers running red lights. Evidence suggests that RLCs reduce red light violations and various types of crashes, although they may lead to an increase in rear-end collisions. This intervention relies on deterrence mechanisms, where the perceived threat of being caught discourages traffic violations.
How it works
RLCs function by automatically detecting and capturing images of vehicles that run red lights, sending penalty tickets to the registered vehicle addresses. The primary mechanism of crime reduction is through deterrence, increasing the perceived and actual risk of being caught.
Implementation
Successful implementation requires public awareness campaigns to inform drivers about RLCs. Issues such as technology quality, legal challenges, and public concerns about privacy and safety versus revenue are critical considerations for effective rollout.
Source: College of Policing Crime Reduction Toolkit (What Works Centre for Crime Reduction). Summarised 2026-07-15. BlueLineHub is independent and not affiliated with the College of Policing.