Circles of support and accountability for sex offenders
Evidence-rated crime-reduction intervention (EMMIE).
Effect on crime
some reduction
Evidence quality
moderate
Cost
low
What the evidence says
Circles of support and accountability are community-based groups that assist sex offenders in reintegrating into society after prison. The intervention shows some evidence of reducing general reoffending, but not a statistically significant impact on crime overall. The effectiveness is based on various studies mainly from the UK, Canada, the USA, and the Netherlands.
How it works
The approach is designed to reduce risk factors associated with offending behavior by enhancing offenders' capabilities for prosocial behavior through practical support and accountability from community volunteers.
Implementation
Circles should consist of four to six community volunteers who meet with the offender regularly, supported by a coordinator. This collaboration aims to ensure effective reintegration while monitoring potential risks.
Source: College of Policing Crime Reduction Toolkit (What Works Centre for Crime Reduction). Summarised 2026-07-15. BlueLineHub is independent and not affiliated with the College of Policing.